Thiamin dioctylsulfosuccjinate



Patented Mar. 9, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT QFFEIGE THIAMIN DI'OCTYLSULFOSUQCINATE John B. Conn, Scotch Plains, :N. 1., minor to .Merck 8a Go.,lnc., Rahway, N..ll., la corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application March 8, 1946, Serial No. 653,157

(Cl. Mil-2'51) 7 Claims. 1

This invention relates to a new and improved process Iorzthe iprepamtion of a novel, biologically antivaform of 'ltitaminBi :which is preferentially soluble in oreaniesolvents andrto the new chemivcalcompound thereby produced.

My invention is more particularly directed to anew :form of vitamin B1 compound which is soluble .in organic solvents. In this respect it dlflers irom .the normally hiirdrophilic thiamin preparatlons whioh, while soluble in aqueous liquids and some polar solvents, are insoluble in nonpolar solvents such-as oils.

.My-inventioh.is'therefore concerned with a new thiamin chemical compound which possesses the biological activity of vitamin B1, differing from the usual vitamin Bl preparations, such as the ohloridelwdrochloride,bromide hydrobromide, or sulfate, inzthat .it lssoluble in oils. My invention also relates to-the .new and improved method by which the new form of vitamin may be prepared.

Vitamin 31in the'form of its chloride hydrochloride, i.;e.-thiamin chloride hydrochloride, has the following structure:

Its empirical formula is ClaHiaON4SCl2. In the bromide hydrobromide thiamin salt, bromine replaces chlorine in the structural formula given. These usual forms in which the vitamin Bl is prepared are generally-insoluble'in nonpolar solvents such as oils.

.It is the principal object of my invention to render the vitamin preferentially soluble in org-anic solvents, which is accomplished, in accord ance with my invention, by coupling it with organic suifosuccinate ions to prepare a new salt of thiamln. In this way I prepare a biologicallyactive form of vitamin B1 which possesses solubility, at least to a moderate degree, in oils such as cottonseed oil, peanut oil, olive oil and cod liver oils. This new form of vitamin B1 is highly soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, chloroform, benzene, petroleum ether, ethyl oleate, and other solvents, and may be used to produce syrupy solutions or concentrates with these solvents.

In converting the normal hydrophilic form of vitamin B1, such as thlamin chloride hydrochloride, thiamin bromide hydrobromide, or thiamin sulfate, to a form in which it is preferentially soluble in organic solvents, the thiamin molecule is coupled with an organic sulfosuccinate com- 7 pound, such asdioctyl'lsulfosuccinate to aprodnce a new chemical compound, rthiamindioctylsulfosuccinate. Couplingthe vitamin B1 molecule-with an ester salt of sultosuccinicaoid results in 11111,- parting the characteristic of considerable oilsolublllty to the new chemical compound resulting. Bioassays .fonthlaminractivity carried out byz-the rat curative technique established .that :thiamin dioctylsulfosucoinate :has approximately :50 the vitamin .31 activity of thlamin chloride .hydrochloride. It is therefore valuable as a highly actlve form of vltamln Bi.

In preparing thiamln :riioctylsulfosuccinate, a thiamin salt, such as thiemin chloride hydrochloride, thiamln bromide hydrobromide, or 't-hiamin sulfate, is reacted with a .suitablmestersalt, such as an alkali metalsalt of dioctylsuliosnccinate. This results in a white precipitate, .thlamln .dioctylsulfosuccinate, .which may be recovered in the form of a colorless resln'whichslowly'becomes crystalline.

Various salts of dioctylsulfosnccinic acid may be utilized in the reaction. ,Generally I prefer to use the alkali metal salts of this acid, because of their water solubility. whenisodinm dicotylsulfosuccinate isreac ed with an aqueoussolution Of a thlamin salt. such as :thlamin-ohloride .hydrochloride, or thlamln bromide hydrobromide. the reaction occurs asfollows:

CnHuONfiCls ENBSOaGHOOUCiHn HgCOOClHli 9- QuHuQms SQIQHC .001317 HaCDQQtHn 1' ZNaOl The reaction takespiacein ,the same way when thiamin bromide hydrobromide is utilized as the thlamin salt, bromine replacing chlorine in the above equation.

My improved process for rendering water-soluble salts of thiamln more soluble in nonpolar or.- ganic solvents, such as oils, by reacting the thiamin salt with a water-soluble salt of an organic sulfonlc acid, especially an organic sulfonic acid having surface-active properties, and the new chemical compound possessing vitamin Bl activity obtained thereby, are illustrated by the following examples. These examples are to be regarded as illustrative and not necessarily restrictive.

Example 1 44 grams (0.10 mole) of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate was dissolved in one liter of water, the temperature being raised in order to facilitate solution. The solution was then cooled to room temperature and 1'1 grams (0.05 mole) of thiamin chloride hydrochloride added thereto. Upon agitation a curdy white precipitate of thiamin dioctylsulfosuccinate was formed. The mixture was allowed to settle and the greater part of the supernatant liquor decanted.

The new chemical compound. thiamin dioctylsulfosuccinate, was found to be only slightly soluble in water, although readily dispersed therein to form a colloidal suspension. It is extremely soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, chloroform, benzene, petroleum ether, and ethyl oleate, and moderately soluble (solubility 5 to in cottonseed oil, peanut oil and cod liver oil. Strong solutions may be prepared by first dissolving the compound to a syrupy concentration in ethyl oleate, and then adding this concentrate to the oil. Saturated aqueous solutions of the compound possess detergent properties similar to those of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate. In the nonpolar solvents in which it is extremely soluble, it may be incorporated in suflicient amount therein to produce syrupy solutions.

200 milliliters of acid-free ether were then added to the slurry of thiamin dloctylsulfosuccinate, thus dissolving the compound. The ether layer was separated, dried by the addition of anhydrous calcium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure less than atmospheric, first at room temperature. and finally at an elevated temperature within the range 80-100" C. The resulting product, substantially pure thiamin dloctylsulfosuccinate, was recovered in the form of a sticky colorless resin which slowly became crystalline, yielding a mass of soft waxy needles melting at 65-68" C. The yield was 50 grams or 90% of theory. Thiochrome assay values established that the product was thiamin dioctyisulfosuccinate having the empirical for mula Cl2HlBON1iS(C20HJ707S) 2.

Example 2 50 grams (0.12 mole) of thiamin bromide hydrobromide and 105 grams (0.24 mole) of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate were reacted in aqueous solution in accordance with the procedure described in Example 1. The product was thiamin dioctylsulfosuccinate in the form of soft waxy needles melting at 65-68 C.

Thiamin dioctylsulfosuccinate has been found to be extremely stable, losing less than 10% of its vitamin Bl potency when stored in edible oil solutions for a period of one month at room temperature. Its toxicity is low, the L. D. 50 being in excess of 2 grams per kilogram for mice.

Tests on rats fed on a diet deficient in vitamin Bl clearly established its biological activity, approximately of that of thiamin chloride hydrochloride, when administered to the rats in oil solution.

Various changes and modifications might be made in my invention as defined herein without departing from the scope thereof. It is my intention that these changes and modifications, to the extent that they are comprehended within the scope of the appended claims, shall be considered as part of my invention.

I claim:

1. The method of rendering vitamin B1 preparations soluble in oils and other nonpolar solvents which comprises coupling a water-soluble salt of thiamin with a salt of dioctylsulfosuccinic acid.

2. The method of rendering vitamin B1 preparations soluble in oils and other nonpolar solvents which comprises coupling a water-soluble salt of thlamin selected from the group which consists of thiamin chloride hydrochloride, thiamin bromide hydrobromide, and thiamin sulfate with an alkali metal salt of dioctylsuliosuccinic acid.

3. The process of rendering vitamin B1 preparations soluble in nonpolar solvents which comprises reacting thiamin chloride hydrochloride with an alkali metal salt of dioctylsulfosuccinic acid.

4. The process of rendering vitamin B1 preparations soluble in nonpolar solvents which comprises reacting thiamin bromide hydrobromide with an alkali metal salt of dioctylsulfosuccinic acid.

5. The process of rendering vitamin B1 preparations soluble in nonpolar solvents which comprises reacting thlamin sulfate with an al kali metal salt of dioctylsulfosuccinic acid.

6. The process of preparing thiamin dioctylsulfosuccinate which comprises reacting a thiamin salt selected from the group which consists of thiamin chloride hydrochloride, thiamin bromide hydrobromide, and thiamin sulfate with sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate.

7. Thiamin dioctylsulfosuccinate.

JOHN B. CONN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,861,543 Moore June 7, 1932 2,409,671 Faust Oct. 22, 1946 

